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Respondent Confidentiality Debate Opens MRS Conference
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23/3/01
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The thorny subject of "Ethics and Market Research" was discussed on the opening day of the annual MRS Conference in Brighton yesterday. A number of leading figures debated the perennial problem of whether the industry should at last lift the restriction of respondent confidentiality.
Leading this important discussion was Nigel Spackman, Chairman of the newly-merged NFO World Group UK, and David Bright, Head of Strategy at Barclays Retail Financial Services. Both men advocate a relaxation in the current strict confidentiality guidelines to fall more in line with the Data Protection Act 1998’s "specified purpose" principle. (This ruling dictates that data must only be used for the purposes for which it was collected, but it does not require that the information remains confidential if the respondent consents to its release). Responding to the whole debate was Elizabeth France, the Information Commissioner, who is particularly versed in the implications of the Data Protection Act 1998 for researchers. This is particularly in light of the treatment of personal data.
As most readers are aware, the current confidentiality guidelines mean that researchers are not permitted to pass the details of individuals to clients. This is even in cases where the respondent has requested it. The repercussions are numerous, including the fact that clients are unable to use market research findings to update customer databases.
Many market researchers therefore believe that greater transparency in data
collection would help in many ways, and would benefit all parties involved.
This indeed is Bright’s own view. Greater transparency between researchers
and respondents would actually help to build trust, as well as provide a
more accurate supply of information to the client. In the past, Bright has
commented that, "There is a general assumption within the market
research industry that strict confidentiality equates to sound ethical
practice. This is not necessarily the case. As a profession, we need to take
serious stock of our handling of personal data and look for more effective
ways to use the information we receive while ensuring we maintain the
highest respect for our respondents."
Spackman also supports this view. He expressed the opinion that, "The
majority of market researchers regard respondent confidentiality as the Holy
Grail. Yet, in our growing climate of social openness and human rights,
there is an urgent need for the market research profession to re-consider
how it fits into society at large. Confidentiality certainly has its place,
but the overriding factor has to be honesty between the researcher and the
respondent."
The overall debate was skillfully chaired by Jennie Beck, Chair of the MRS
Professional Standards Committee and a researcher with a strong background
in ethical research issues. Beck herself has voiced clear views on how she
considers the profession needs to change. In this sense, she has called for
the introduction of a "Supercode", allowing respondents to select
the level of confidentiality their data is treated with. As Beck explained,
"Tiering the levels of confidentiality offered to respondents would
benefit the market research industry considerably. It would mean that
respondents who value their anonymity would be able to maintain it, whilst
those who are keen for clients to receive their individual feedback could be
granted this."
"It would be very wrong to assume that abolishing respondent
confidentiality would in any way lessen ethical practise among market
researchers," Beck added. "Quite the contrary, there is a strong
likelihood that it would enhance it by giving respondents greater knowledge
and power over how their data is used. Transparency, within the principles
of the Data Protection Act 1998, is a vital step for the market research
industry, and one it should no longer shy away from."
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